Online Test

This type of multiple choice test will be used in the exam! However, the 'Online Test' does not cover all possible questions! 65% correct answers are needed to pass the test!

Question 1

Which of the following statements about Integrated Coastal Zone Management (ICZM) is true?

In the EU, Integrated Coastal Zone Management (ICZM) is defined as a dynamic, multi-disciplinary and iterative process to promote sustainable management of coastal zones
Sectoral management approaches can be beneficial for efficient use of resources, the utilization of opportunities towards a more sustainable coastal development
ICZM uses the informed participation and co-operation of all stakeholders to assess the societal goals in a given coastal area
‘Ecosystem based approach’ describes an approach that respects the limits of natural resources and ecosystems
‘Integrated’ in ICZM refers to the integration of different objectives and also to the integration of several instruments that are needed to meet these objectives
Integrated Coastal Area Management (ICAM) is a complementary approach focusing on land-based activities

Question 2

Which of the following statements about the ‘EU Bathing Water Directive’ (BWD) is correct?

Vibrions and salmonella are additional parameters to assess the quality of bathing waters
Other parameters could be taken into account, such as the presence of cyanobacteria or microalgae
Escherichia coli (E. coli) are common ubiquitous bacteria in marine environment
Intestinal enterococci and Escherichia coli (E. coli) are parameters to assess the quality of bathing waters
The first BWD was adopted already in 1976
A revised and updated BWD was adopted in 2016

Question 3

Which of the following statements about ‘Participation and Stakeholder Engagement’ is false?

Participation is a process in which the concerns, needs and values of the public are incorporated into decision making
Public participation can be costly, time-consuming, labour-intensive and potentially create new conflicts
Different levels of participation exist, ranging from the provision of information to an active involvement
Late and unbalanced involvement of stakeholder groups have been identified as major weaknesses in stakeholder engagement within several ICZM case studies
An early involvement of stakeholders in the planning process is considered to be beneficial in order to allow exchange and avoid conflicts
An active involvement of stakeholders for all EU environmental policies is required by the Aarhus Convention

Question 4

Which of the following statements about ‘EU Maritime Spatial Planning (MSP)’ is true?

Benefits of MSP are to reduce conflicts between sectors and create synergies between different activities
A maritime spatial plan should take into account coherence with integrated coastal management
A maritime spatial plan should take into account land-sea interactions
Benefits of MSP are to encourage investment
A maritime spatial plan should take into account the ecosystem-based approach
The EU MSP Platform is the international agency for implementing EU Maritime Spatial Planning

Question 5

Which of the following statements belong to explicitly mentioned principles in the ‘ICZM Recommendations for Europe (2002)’?

Development of a legally binding national strategy to implement the principles for integrated management of the coastal zone in every member state
Adaptive management during a gradual process which will facilitate adjustment as problems and knowledge develop
Regular obligatory reporting to the Commission and an EU ICZM Expert group on the experience
Involving all the parties concerned in the management process
Local specificity and the great diversity of European coastal zones which will make it possible to respond to their practical needs with specific solutions and flexible measures
A long-term perspective which will take into account the precautionary principle and the needs of present and future generations

Question 6

Which of the following facts with respect to ‘Definitions’ is true?

In the European Union, the coastal zone is defined as the zone between shoreline and 3 km inland from the coast
The Littoral zone extends seawards from the foreshore to some distance beyond the breaker zone
The Coastline is the line that forms the boundary between the coast and the shore
Transitional waters are surface waters in the vicinity of river mouths which are partly saline, but influenced by freshwater flows
Coastal seas in Europe are the Mediterranean Sea, the Black Sea, The Caspian Sea, the Sea of Okhotsk, the North Sea, and the Baltic Sea
In the European Union, the offshore boundary of coastal waters is one nautical mile of the baseline