Online Test

This type of multiple choice test will be used in the exam! However, the 'Online Test' does not cover all possible questions! 65% correct answers are needed to pass the test!

Question 1

Which of the following statements about climate change and the ‘EU Climate Change Strategy’ is correct?

Some water-borne diseases, such as vibriosis infections are likely to increase with increasing sea surface temperatures
Ocean surface pH is projected to decrease to values between 4.05 and 3.75 by the end of 21st century, depending on future CO2 emissions levels
Oxygen-depleted zones in the Baltic Sea have increased more than 10-fold since 1900
A first ‘EU strategy on adaptation to climate change’ was adopted already in 1990 and aimed at promoting research on climate change
Several recent model-based studies and expert assessments have suggested an upper boundary for the global mean sea level rise in the 21st century in the range of 1.5–2.0 m
Sea surface temperature is projected to increase faster than atmospheric temperature

Question 2

Which of the following statements related to the ‘Baltic Sea – State, Trends & Challenges’ is correct?

12 % of the Baltic Sea is protected through marine protected areas and the Baltic Sea is worldwide leading in this respect
97 % of the Baltic Sea area is affected by eutrophication and 12 % is assessed as being in the worst status category
Recently, the number of improving trends outweighs the number of deteriorating trends in the monitored hazardous substances
The number of beach litter items ranges from around 50 on reference beaches to up to 300 on urban beaches, per 100 metres of beach
Around 140 non-indigenous species have so far been recorded in the Baltic Sea
The Baltic Sea accounts for up to 15% of the world’s cargo transportation. The number of commercial ships in the Baltic Sea is expected to double by 2030

Question 3

Which of the following facts about ‘State of Europe’s Seas’ is true?

Dramatic changes in an ecosystem are called 'ecological regime shifts'
Almost 70% of the world's known marine mammal species can be found in Europe's regional seas
Over 180 species of marine birds are found throughout Europe's seas
Across the regional seas of Europe, 50 different seabed habitat types are identified
An increasing sea level (1.7 mm/year) changes the shape of coastlines, contributes to coastal erosion and leads to flooding and more underground salt-water intrusion
Only 7 % of marine species are in an unfavourable conservation status

Question 4

Which of the following statements related to ‘Baltic Sea - Helsinki Convention’ is correct?

HELCOM sees itself as an environmental policy maker and focal point for the Baltic Sea Region (BSR)
The HELCOM-PRESSURE group controls the implementation of international policies according to the timetables in the BSR
HELCOM sees itself as a developing, supervisory and coordinating body with respect to the BSR
The HELCOM-GEAR group promotes the implementation of the ecosystem approach and supports region-wide co-operation on all elements of national marine strategies
The Helsinki Commission meets annually and decides on legally binding environmental laws for the BSR
HELCOM funds the implementation of major environmental EU directives

Question 5

Which of the following statements belong to explicitly mentioned principles in the ‘ICZM Recommendations for Europe (2002)’?

Development of a legally binding national strategy to implement the principles for integrated management of the coastal zone in every member state
Involving all the parties concerned in the management process
Adaptive management during a gradual process which will facilitate adjustment as problems and knowledge develop
A long-term perspective which will take into account the precautionary principle and the needs of present and future generations
Regular obligatory reporting to the Commission and an EU ICZM Expert group on the experience
Local specificity and the great diversity of European coastal zones which will make it possible to respond to their practical needs with specific solutions and flexible measures

Question 6

Which of the following ‘actions and tools’ does not belong to SAF-step ‘System Design’?

Develop a conceptual model and identify Ecological-Social-Economic (ESE) linkages
Installation of the administrative structure to ensures horizontal and vertical integration of management
Assess the system state and identify external hazards
Define administrative and virtual system boundaries
Discuss potential management scenarios with stakeholders and define success criteria and indicators
List the formal actions necessary for official adoption of the plan or measure