Online Test

This type of multiple choice test will be used in the exam! However, the 'Online Test' does not cover all possible questions! 65% correct answers are needed to pass the test!

Question 1

Which of the following statements related to the ‘Baltic Sea – State, Trends & Challenges’ is correct?

In 1992, HELCOM listed 162 major pollution hot spots in the Baltic Sea Region. In 2019, 19 industrial hot spots and 23 municipal or combined municipal and industrial sites still existed
97 % of the Baltic Sea area is affected by eutrophication and 12 % is assessed as being in the worst status category
The number of beach litter items ranges from around 50 on reference beaches to up to 300 on urban beaches, per 100 metres of beach
The Baltic Sea accounts for up to 15% of the world’s cargo transportation. The number of commercial ships in the Baltic Sea is expected to double by 2030
Around 140 non-indigenous species have so far been recorded in the Baltic Sea
The assessment of fish from a biodiversity perspective indicates good status in about half of the assessed coastal areas

Question 2

Which of the following statements about climate change and the ‘EU Climate Change Strategy’ is correct?

A first ‘EU strategy on adaptation to climate change’ was adopted already in 1990 and aimed at promoting research on climate change
Ocean surface pH is projected to decrease to values between 4.05 and 3.75 by the end of 21st century, depending on future CO2 emissions levels
The ‘EU strategy on adaptation to climate change’ adopted in 2013 aims to make Europe more climate-resilient and to enhance the preparedness to respond to the impacts of climate change
Sea surface temperature is projected to increase faster than atmospheric temperature
Oxygen-depleted zones in the Baltic Sea have increased more than 10-fold since 1900
Several recent model-based studies and expert assessments have suggested an upper boundary for the global mean sea level rise in the 21st century in the range of 1.5–2.0 m

Question 3

Which of the following statements about ‘Integrated Coastal Zone Management cycle’ is true?

ICZM is a well-defined, stepwise, iterative and linear process
Systems Approach Framework covers the steps Initiation, Planning, Implementation as well as Monitoring and Evaluation
The Systems Approach Framework allows a team to develop a management strategy, based on interaction between science, policy and stakeholders
The Ecological-Social-Economic (ESE) Assessment is an alternative approach to the Systems Approach Framework
The Systems Approach Framework provides a new stepwise guide to sustainable ICZM
ICZM approaches developed during the early 2000s are well suitable for practical applications and caused many successful local case studies

Question 4

The sectors that have a high potential for sustainable jobs and growth and are explicitly mentioned in the ‘EU Blue Growth Strategy’ in Europe are:

Fisheries: since fish stock are increasing again the sector is on the rise
Shipping: low emission ships have a vast market and generate sustainable growth and jobs
Marine biotechnology: it is expected that the sector will offer high-skilled employment and significant downstream opportunities
Aquaculture: farming finfish, shellfish and aquatic plants is one of the world's fastest growing food sectors
Marine Science: oceans gain importance and require an increasing amount of high-skilled persons
Coastal and maritime tourism: employing over 3.2 million people, this sector generates a total of € 183 billion in gross value added

Question 5

Which of the following statements about ‘ICZM – Tools & Approaches’ is true? Decision support tools (DSTs)…

Are heavily used in practice to support decision making processes
Include a wide variety of tools ranging for instance from environmental descriptors to economic and social evaluations
Include tools that are applied to support participation processes
Include quantitative assessment tools with a low level of uncertainty
Are used to support science and policy
Include tools that are directly applied by authorities to decide on a management option

Question 6

Which of the following statements is true? ‘CATWOE analysis’ can be used…

To model socio-ecological systems
To gain a broader understanding of a problem
For business problems
To brainstorm and broaden ones thinking and perspective about a particular problem
To explore functional relationships between stakeholders that are affected by a particular problem
To describe the cause-and-effect chain of a problem