CMM Online Test - IKZM Lehrbrief 2019

Question 1

Which of the following statements about the ‘EU Water Framework Directive (WFD)’ is correct?

Surface water bodies sub-divide transitional and coastal waters and are the smallest management unit of the WFD

Transitional waters are partly saline surface water bodies in the vicinity of river mouths

The programmes of measures were successfully implemented until 2015

Biological quality elements (fish, benthic, invertebrates, aquatic flora) are used to describe the good ecological status of water bodies

The WFD ensures a water management based on river basins

Coastal water define surface waters between coastline and the national sea border

Question 2

Which of the following steps does not belong to the development and implementation of ‘Maritime Spatial Planning’ (MSP) according to Ehler & Douvere

Approving, implementing and enforcing the spatial management plan

An Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) of the environmental consequences

A Strategic Environmental Assessment (SEA) of the spatial management plan

Organizing stakeholder participation

Adapting the maritime spatial management process

Defining and analysing existing conditions and future conditions

Question 3

Which of the following statements about the ‘Ecosystem Services’ (ES) are true?

ES have to be assessed monetarily

ES can be grouped into provisioning, regulating and cultural services

Indirect benefits (e.g. regulation of water supply and quality, nutrient cycling) are not considered to be ES

Ecosystem services are important for flora and fauna

Direct benefits (e.g. food, raw material) to humans are not considered to be ES

ES are defined as the benefits humans obtain from ecosystems

Question 4

Which of the following statements about ‘European Union Environmental Policy’ is correct?

EU Biodiversity Strategy aims to halt the loss of biodiversity and ecosystem services in the EU and to help stopping global biodiversity loss

The Habitats and Birds Directives – Natura 2000 (adopted in 1992) aims to protect more effectively the marine environment across Europe and wants to achieve a ‘Good Environmental Status’ (GES) in the sea

EU Common Fisheries Policy was already introduced in the 1970s

The EU Marine Strategy Framework Directive (MSFD) (adopted in 2008) regulates shipping and aims to reduce emissions from ships in Europe

The EU Floods Directive focuses on the assessment and management of flood risks

Regional Sea Conventions are cooperation structures to enable blue and economic sustainable growth in regional seas

Question 5

Which of the following facts about ‘State of Europe’s Seas’ is true?

Over 650 marine fish species are thought to inhabit European seas

Dramatic changes in an ecosystem are called 'ecological regime shifts'

An increasing sea level (1.7 mm/year) changes the shape of coastlines, contributes to coastal erosion and leads to flooding and more underground salt-water intrusion

Only 7 % of marine species are in an unfavourable conservation status

Almost 70% of the world's known marine mammal species can be found in Europe's regional seas

Across the regional seas of Europe, 50 different seabed habitat types are identified

Question 6

Which of the following statements belong to explicitly mentioned principles in the ‘ICZM Recommendations for Europe (2002)’?

Regular obligatory reporting to the Commission and an EU ICZM Expert group on the experience

A long-term perspective which will take into account the precautionary principle and the needs of present and future generations

Use of a joint single instrument and law designed to facilitate coherence between planning and management

Involving all the parties concerned in the management process

Adaptive management during a gradual process which will facilitate adjustment as problems and knowledge develop

Local specificity and the great diversity of European coastal zones which will make it possible to respond to their practical needs with specific solutions and flexible measures