Online Test

This type of multiple choice test will be used in the exam! However, the 'Online Test' does not cover all possible questions! 65% correct answers are needed to pass the test!

Question 1

Which of the following facts about ‘Utilization of Europe’s Coasts and Seas’ is true?

The three largest European port operations are Rotterdam, Marseille and Barcelona
Oil and gas extraction is expected to steadily grow in Europe because of new technologies
In Europe, shipbuilding and ship-repair industries are expected to grow in the coming years, driven by the demand for new technologies
Aquaculture production of shellfish in the EU has been decreasing since 2004
It is expected that marine mining will see continued decline because of high costs
Over the past ten years, European Union total fish catches increased steadily

Question 2

Which of the following facts with respect to ‘Definitions’ is true?

The Littoral zone extends seawards from the foreshore to some distance beyond the breaker zone
In the European Union, the offshore boundary of coastal waters is one nautical mile of the baseline
The Coastline is the line that forms the boundary between the coast and the shore
Territorial waters extend at most 12 nautical miles from the baseline of a coastal state
In the European Union, the coastal zone is defined as the zone between shoreline and 3 km inland from the coast
In the United States of America, the coastal zone is defined seawards up to the continental shelf edge

Question 3

Which of the following statements about climate change and the ‘EU Climate Change Strategy’ is correct?

Some water-borne diseases, such as vibriosis infections are likely to increase with increasing sea surface temperatures
Ocean surface pH is projected to decrease to values between 4.05 and 3.75 by the end of 21st century, depending on future CO2 emissions levels
The ‘EU strategy on adaptation to climate change’ adopted in 2013 aims to make Europe more climate-resilient and to enhance the preparedness to respond to the impacts of climate change
A first ‘EU strategy on adaptation to climate change’ was adopted already in 1990 and aimed at promoting research on climate change
Sea surface temperature is projected to increase faster than atmospheric temperature
Several recent model-based studies and expert assessments have suggested an upper boundary for the global mean sea level rise in the 21st century in the range of 1.5–2.0 m

Question 4

Which of the following statements about ‘European Union Environmental Policy’ is correct?

The EU Climate Change Directive promotes, regulates and funds concrete climate change adaptation measures in the EU and its member countries
The EU Marine Strategy Framework Directive (MSFD) (adopted in 2008) regulates shipping and aims to reduce emissions from ships in Europe
The EU Bathing Water Directive (BWD) defines the monitoring and classification of bathing water quality and the provision of information to the public
The Habitats and Birds Directives – Natura 2000 (adopted in 1992) aims to protect more effectively the marine environment across Europe and wants to achieve a ‘Good Environmental Status’ (GES) in the sea
EU Common Fisheries Policy was already introduced in the 1970s
EU Biodiversity Strategy aims to halt the loss of biodiversity and ecosystem services in the EU and to help stopping global biodiversity loss

Question 5

The sectors that have a high potential for sustainable jobs and growth and are explicitly mentioned in the ‘EU Blue Growth Strategy’ in Europe are:

Ocean energy: could fuel economic growth through innovation and create new, high-quality jobs
Coastal and maritime tourism: employing over 3.2 million people, this sector generates a total of € 183 billion in gross value added
Fisheries: since fish stock are increasing again the sector is on the rise
Marine Science: oceans gain importance and require an increasing amount of high-skilled persons
Seabed mining: has the potential to generate sustainable growth and jobs for future generations
Marine biotechnology: it is expected that the sector will offer high-skilled employment and significant downstream opportunities

Question 6

Which of the following statements about the ‘EU Water Framework Directive (WFD)’ is correct?

The WFD wants to expand the scope of water protection to all waters, surface waters and groundwater
Reference conditions are a description of the biological quality elements at high status
Biological quality elements (fish, benthic, invertebrates, aquatic flora) are used to describe the good ecological status of water bodies
The WFD ensures a water management based on river basins
The programmes of measures were successfully implemented until 2015
Transitional waters are partly saline surface water bodies in the vicinity of river mouths