Online Test

This type of multiple choice test will be used in the exam! However, the 'Online Test' does not cover all possible questions! 65% correct answers are needed to pass the test!

Question 1

Which of the following statements about Sustainable Development and Agenda 21 is true?

Sustainable development is a development that meets the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs
The regional Baltic 2030 Action Plan wants to realize a common vision of sustainable development in the Baltic
The Agenda 21 reflects a global consensus and political commitment but does not include concrete management-related activities
One sustainable development goal is that states should conserve at least 40 per cent of their coastal and marine areas
Chapter 17 of the Agenda 21 addresses integrated management and sustainable development of coastal areas, including exclusive economic zones
The follow-up ‘2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development’ was not signed because of differences of opinion and a lack of political commitment

Question 2

Which of the following statements about ‘Integrated Coastal Zone Management cycle’ is true?

ICZM approaches developed during the early 2000s are well suitable for practical applications and caused many successful local case studies
The Systems Approach Framework allows a team to develop a management strategy, based on interaction between science, policy and stakeholders
Systems Approach Framework covers the steps Initiation, Planning, Implementation as well as Monitoring and Evaluation
ICZM is a well-defined, stepwise, iterative and linear process
The Systems Approach Framework provides a new stepwise guide to sustainable ICZM
The Ecological-Social-Economic (ESE) Assessment is an alternative approach to the Systems Approach Framework

Question 3

Which of the following statements belong to explicitly mentioned principles in the ‘ICZM Recommendations for Europe (2002)’?

Regular obligatory reporting to the Commission and an EU ICZM Expert group on the experience
Involving all the parties concerned in the management process
Development of a legally binding national strategy to implement the principles for integrated management of the coastal zone in every member state
Use of a joint single instrument and law designed to facilitate coherence between planning and management
Local specificity and the great diversity of European coastal zones which will make it possible to respond to their practical needs with specific solutions and flexible measures
A long-term perspective which will take into account the precautionary principle and the needs of present and future generations

Question 4

Which of the following statements about Integrated Coastal Zone Management (ICZM) is true?

In the EU, Integrated Coastal Zone Management (ICZM) is defined as a dynamic, multi-disciplinary and iterative process to promote sustainable management of coastal zones
ICZM uses the informed participation and co-operation of all stakeholders to assess the societal goals in a given coastal area
‘Ecosystem based approach’ describes an approach that respects the limits of natural resources and ecosystems
‘Integrated’ in ICZM refers to the integration of different objectives and also to the integration of several instruments that are needed to meet these objectives
Sectoral management approaches can be beneficial for efficient use of resources, the utilization of opportunities towards a more sustainable coastal development
Integrated Coastal Area Management (ICAM) is a complementary approach focusing on land-based activities

Question 5

Which of the following statements about ‘European Union Environmental Policy’ is correct?

EU Common Fisheries Policy was already introduced in the 1970s
The EU Marine Strategy Framework Directive (MSFD) (adopted in 2008) regulates shipping and aims to reduce emissions from ships in Europe
The EU Climate Change Directive promotes, regulates and funds concrete climate change adaptation measures in the EU and its member countries
The Habitats and Birds Directives – Natura 2000 (adopted in 1992) aims to protect more effectively the marine environment across Europe and wants to achieve a ‘Good Environmental Status’ (GES) in the sea
The EU Floods Directive focuses on the assessment and management of flood risks
Regional Sea Conventions are cooperation structures to enable blue and economic sustainable growth in regional seas

Question 6

Which of the following statements about ‘ICZM – Tools & Approaches’ is true? Decision support tools (DSTs)…

Include tools that are applied to support participation processes
Include quantitative assessment tools with a low level of uncertainty
Are used to support science and policy
Include a wide variety of tools ranging for instance from environmental descriptors to economic and social evaluations
Include tools that are directly applied by authorities to decide on a management option
Are heavily used in practice to support decision making processes