Online Test

This type of multiple choice test will be used in the exam! However, the 'Online Test' does not cover all possible questions! 65% correct answers are needed to pass the test!

Question 1

Which of the following facts with respect to ‘Definitions’ is true?

In the United States of America, the coastal zone is defined seawards up to the continental shelf edge
Coastal seas in Europe are the Mediterranean Sea, the Black Sea, The Caspian Sea, the Sea of Okhotsk, the North Sea, and the Baltic Sea
In the European Union, the coastal zone is defined as the zone between shoreline and 3 km inland from the coast
In the European Union, the offshore boundary of coastal waters is one nautical mile of the baseline
The Coastline is the line that forms the boundary between the coast and the shore
The Littoral zone extends seawards from the foreshore to some distance beyond the breaker zone

Question 2

Which of the following statements about Integrated Coastal Zone Management (ICZM) is true?

‘Ecosystem based approach’ describes an approach that respects the limits of natural resources and ecosystems
‘Integrated’ in ICZM refers to the integration of different objectives and also to the integration of several instruments that are needed to meet these objectives
ICZM uses the informed participation and co-operation of all stakeholders to assess the societal goals in a given coastal area
Integrated Coastal Area Management (ICAM) is a complementary approach focusing on land-based activities
Sectoral management approaches can be beneficial for efficient use of resources, the utilization of opportunities towards a more sustainable coastal development
In the EU, Integrated Coastal Zone Management (ICZM) is defined as a dynamic, multi-disciplinary and iterative process to promote sustainable management of coastal zones

Question 3

Which of the following statements about climate change and the ‘EU Climate Change Strategy’ is correct?

The ‘EU strategy on adaptation to climate change’ adopted in 2013 aims to make Europe more climate-resilient and to enhance the preparedness to respond to the impacts of climate change
Several recent model-based studies and expert assessments have suggested an upper boundary for the global mean sea level rise in the 21st century in the range of 1.5–2.0 m
Sea surface temperature is projected to increase faster than atmospheric temperature
Some water-borne diseases, such as vibriosis infections are likely to increase with increasing sea surface temperatures
Ocean surface pH is projected to decrease to values between 4.05 and 3.75 by the end of 21st century, depending on future CO2 emissions levels
Oxygen-depleted zones in the Baltic Sea have increased more than 10-fold since 1900

Question 4

For what purpose can the ‘DPSIR/DAPSI(W)RM Framework’ be applied within coastal and marine management?

As a basis for generating conceptual models to analyse a problem in more detail
To calculate cumulative impacts of coastal and marine activities
To generate a common understanding of an issue/problem, its causes and consequences
To guide stakeholder discussion systematically
To conduct a monetary evaluation of ecosystem services
To assess progress towards sustainability

Question 5

Which of the following statements about the ‘EU Bathing Water Directive’ (BWD) is correct?

Intention of the BWD is to provide information to citizens about quality of their bathing waters
Vibrions and salmonella are additional parameters to assess the quality of bathing waters
Escherichia coli (E. coli) are common ubiquitous bacteria in marine environment
Other parameters could be taken into account, such as the presence of cyanobacteria or microalgae
Intestinal enterococci and Escherichia coli (E. coli) are parameters to assess the quality of bathing waters
A revised and updated BWD was adopted in 2016

Question 6

Which of the following statements about the ‘EU Water Framework Directive (WFD)’ is correct?

Biological quality elements (fish, benthic, invertebrates, aquatic flora) are used to describe the good ecological status of water bodies
Coastal water define surface waters between coastline and the national sea border
The WFD ensures a water management based on river basins
Reference conditions are a description of the biological quality elements at high status
Transitional waters are partly saline surface water bodies in the vicinity of river mouths
Surface water bodies sub-divide transitional and coastal waters and are the smallest management unit of the WFD