Online Test

This type of multiple choice test will be used in the exam! However, the 'Online Test' does not cover all possible questions! 65% correct answers are needed to pass the test!

Question 1

Which of the following facts with respect to ‘Definitions’ is true?

The Coastline is the line that forms the boundary between the coast and the shore
The Littoral zone extends seawards from the foreshore to some distance beyond the breaker zone
In the United States of America, the coastal zone is defined seawards up to the continental shelf edge
Transitional waters are surface waters in the vicinity of river mouths which are partly saline, but influenced by freshwater flows
Coastal seas in Europe are the Mediterranean Sea, the Black Sea, The Caspian Sea, the Sea of Okhotsk, the North Sea, and the Baltic Sea
In the European Union, the coastal zone is defined as the zone between shoreline and 3 km inland from the coast

Question 2

Which of the following facts about ‘Utilization of Europe’s Coasts and Seas’ is true?

Over the past ten years, European Union total fish catches increased steadily
Marine aquaculture production is increasing in Europe
Wave and tidal power is an important source of clean power in Europe, and increased steadily during the last decades
Aquaculture production of shellfish in the EU has been decreasing since 2004
It is expected that marine mining will see continued decline because of high costs
Oil and gas extraction is expected to steadily grow in Europe because of new technologies

Question 3

Which of the following statements about the ‘EU Bathing Water Directive’ (BWD) is correct?

Other parameters could be taken into account, such as the presence of cyanobacteria or microalgae
Intention of the BWD is to provide information to citizens about quality of their bathing waters
Vibrions and salmonella are additional parameters to assess the quality of bathing waters
Escherichia coli (E. coli) are common ubiquitous bacteria in marine environment
The first BWD was adopted already in 1976
Intestinal enterococci and Escherichia coli (E. coli) are parameters to assess the quality of bathing waters

Question 4

Which of the following statements related to the ‘Baltic Sea – State, Trends & Challenges’ is correct?

In 2009, about 13 wind farms existed in the Baltic Sea. Until 2030 the number could increase to 67 offshore wind farms
The Baltic Sea accounts for up to 15% of the world’s cargo transportation. The number of commercial ships in the Baltic Sea is expected to double by 2030
Around 140 non-indigenous species have so far been recorded in the Baltic Sea
In 1992, HELCOM listed 162 major pollution hot spots in the Baltic Sea Region. In 2019, 19 industrial hot spots and 23 municipal or combined municipal and industrial sites still existed
Recently, the number of improving trends outweighs the number of deteriorating trends in the monitored hazardous substances
The assessment of fish from a biodiversity perspective indicates good status in about half of the assessed coastal areas

Question 5

Which of the following statements belong to explicitly mentioned principles in the ‘ICZM Recommendations for Europe (2002)’?

A long-term perspective which will take into account the precautionary principle and the needs of present and future generations
Regular obligatory reporting to the Commission and an EU ICZM Expert group on the experience
Use of a joint single instrument and law designed to facilitate coherence between planning and management
Development of a legally binding national strategy to implement the principles for integrated management of the coastal zone in every member state
Involving all the parties concerned in the management process
Local specificity and the great diversity of European coastal zones which will make it possible to respond to their practical needs with specific solutions and flexible measures

Question 6

Which of the following statements about ICZM in Regional Seas is true?

In 2012, the North Sea Region adopted the strategy ‘Promoting ICZM Activity within the Member States’
In 1996 VASAB (Visions and Strategies around the Baltic Sea) already adopted ‘Common Recommendations for Spatial Planning of the Coastal Zone in the Baltic Sea Region’
Since the EU is not a contracting party to the Bucharest Convention covering the Black Sea, a strategic action plan related to ICZM has not been adopted yet
In the Mediterranean, the ‘Protocol on Integrated Coastal Zone Management in the Mediterranean’, is the first supra-national (Europe, Africa and Asia), legally-binding ICZM agreement
In the Baltic Sea Region a Recommendation on the ‘Protection of the Coastal Strip’ was adopted already in 1994
The EU initiated a systematic description of 350 coastal management case studies from all over Europe, compiled in a joint database