Online Test

This type of multiple choice test will be used in the exam! However, the 'Online Test' does not cover all possible questions! 65% correct answers are needed to pass the test!

Question 1

Which of the following statements belong to explicitly mentioned principles in the ‘ICZM Recommendations for Europe (2002)’?

Development of a legally binding national strategy to implement the principles for integrated management of the coastal zone in every member state
Use of a joint single instrument and law designed to facilitate coherence between planning and management
Adaptive management during a gradual process which will facilitate adjustment as problems and knowledge develop
Involving all the parties concerned in the management process
Regular obligatory reporting to the Commission and an EU ICZM Expert group on the experience
A long-term perspective which will take into account the precautionary principle and the needs of present and future generations

Question 2

Which of the following statements related to ‘Regional Sea Conventions (RSC)’ is correct?

The Bucharest Convention is meant for the protection of the Black Sea
Helsinki Convention (HELCOM) aims at the protection of the marine environment in the Baltic Sea Area
IMO Convention is on protection of the marine environment in the 25 European Union Overseas Countries and Territories (OCTs)
The OSPAR Convention is on protection of the marine environment in the in the North-East Atlantic
The Barcelona Convention focusses on the protection of marine environment and the coastal region of the Mediterranean
The MARPOL Convention regulates the prevention of pollution and protection of the European Arctic Region

Question 3

Which of the following statements about ‘Integrated Coastal Zone Management cycle’ is true?

ICZM is a well-defined, stepwise, iterative and linear process
The Ecological-Social-Economic (ESE) Assessment is an alternative approach to the Systems Approach Framework
The Systems Approach Framework allows a team to develop a management strategy, based on interaction between science, policy and stakeholders
The Systems Approach Framework provides a new stepwise guide to sustainable ICZM
Systems Approach Framework covers the steps Initiation, Planning, Implementation as well as Monitoring and Evaluation
ICZM approaches developed during the early 2000s are well suitable for practical applications and caused many successful local case studies

Question 4

Which of the following statements about the ‘EU Bathing Water Directive’ (BWD) is correct?

A revised and updated BWD was adopted in 2016
Intention of the BWD is to provide information to citizens about quality of their bathing waters
Vibrions and salmonella are additional parameters to assess the quality of bathing waters
The first BWD was adopted already in 1976
Other parameters could be taken into account, such as the presence of cyanobacteria or microalgae
Escherichia coli (E. coli) are common ubiquitous bacteria in marine environment

Question 5

Which of the following statements about ‘Participation and Stakeholder Engagement’ is false?

Late and unbalanced involvement of stakeholder groups have been identified as major weaknesses in stakeholder engagement within several ICZM case studies
Public participation is a fundamental principle within all EU environmental policies
Different levels of participation exist, ranging from the provision of information to an active involvement
Participation is a process in which the concerns, needs and values of the public are incorporated into decision making
Public participation can be costly, time-consuming, labour-intensive and potentially create new conflicts
An early involvement of stakeholders in the planning process is considered to be beneficial in order to allow exchange and avoid conflicts

Question 6

Which of the following facts about ‘Utilization of Europe’s Coasts and Seas’ is true?

The three largest European port operations are Rotterdam, Marseille and Barcelona
Oil and gas extraction is expected to steadily grow in Europe because of new technologies
It is expected that marine mining will see continued decline because of high costs
Aquaculture production of shellfish in the EU has been decreasing since 2004
Marine aquaculture production is increasing in Europe
Wave and tidal power is an important source of clean power in Europe, and increased steadily during the last decades